运算符的优先级决定了表达式中运算执行的先后顺序，优先级高的运算符会作为优先级低的运算符的操作符。在一个表达式中可能包含多个有不同运算符连接起来的、具有不同数据类型的数据对象，由于表达式有多种运算，不同的结合顺序可能得出不同结果甚至出现错误运算错误，因为当表达式中含多种运算时必须按一定顺序进行结合，才能保证运算的合理性和结果的正确性唯一性。
优先级从上到下依次递减，最上面具有最高的优先级，逗号操作符具有最低的优先级。表达式的结合次序取决于表达式中各种运算符的优先级。优先级高的运算符先结合，优先级低的运算符后结合，同一行中的运算符的优先级相同。荒岛本次带来 Java、C++、PHP、Python、C 语言运算符优先级的教程。宝藏内容来自荒岛-https://x-imagine.com/java-c-php-python-operator-precedence.html
宝藏内容来自荒岛-https://x-imagine.com/java-c-php-python-operator-precedence.html
宝藏内容来自荒岛-https://x-imagine.com/java-c-php-python-operator-precedence.html
Java 运算符优先级+ C++ 运算符优先级+ C 语言运算符优先级+ PHP 运算符优先级 Python 运算符优先级
Java
| 运算符 | 优先级 |
|---|---|
| postfix | expr++ expr-- |
| unary | ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ ! |
| multiplicative | * / % |
| additive | + - |
| shift | << >> >>> |
| relational | < > <= >= instanceof |
| equality | == != |
| bitwise AND | & |
| bitwise exclusive OR | ^ |
| bitwise inclusive OR | | |
| logical AND | && |
| logical OR | || |
| ternary | ? : |
| assignment | = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>= |
C++
| Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | :: |
Scope resolution | Left-to-right |
| 2 | ++ -- |
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | |
() |
Function call | ||
[] |
Array subscripting | ||
. |
Element selection by reference | ||
−> |
Element selection through pointer | ||
| 3 | ++ -- |
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ − |
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~ |
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type) |
Type cast | ||
* |
Indirection (dereference) | ||
& |
Address-of | ||
sizeof |
Size-of | ||
new, new[] |
Dynamic memory allocation | ||
delete, delete[] |
Dynamic memory deallocation | ||
| 4 | .* ->* |
Pointer to member | Left-to-right |
| 5 | * / % |
Multiplication, division, and remainder | |
| 6 | + − |
Addition and subtraction | |
| 7 | << >> |
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
| 8 | < <= |
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >= |
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
| 9 | == != |
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
| 10 | & |
Bitwise AND | |
| 11 | ^ |
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
| 12 | | |
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
| 13 | && |
Logical AND | |
| 14 | || |
Logical OR | |
| 15 | ?: |
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
| 16 | = |
Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes) | |
+= −= |
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /= %= |
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>= |
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |= |
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
| 17 | throw |
Throw operator (for exceptions) | |
| 18 | , |
Comma | Left-to-right |
C 语言
| Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ++ -- |
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | Left-to-right |
() |
Function call | ||
[] |
Array subscripting | ||
. |
Structure and union member access | ||
−> |
Structure and union member access through pointer | ||
(type){list} |
Compound literal(C99) | ||
| 2 | ++ -- |
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ − |
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~ |
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type) |
Type cast | ||
* |
Indirection (dereference) | ||
& |
Address-of | ||
sizeof |
Size-of | ||
_Alignof |
Alignment requirement(C11) | ||
| 3 | * / % |
Multiplication, division, and remainder | Left-to-right |
| 4 | + − |
Addition and subtraction | |
| 5 | << >> |
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
| 6 | < <= |
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >= |
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
| 7 | == != |
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
| 8 | & |
Bitwise AND | |
| 9 | ^ |
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
| 10 | | |
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
| 11 | && |
Logical AND | |
| 12 | || |
Logical OR | |
| 13 | ?: |
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
| 14 | = |
Simple assignment | |
+= −= |
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /= %= |
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>= |
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |= |
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
| 15 | , |
Comma | Left-to-right |
PHP
| 结合方向 | 运算符 | 附加信息 |
|---|---|---|
| 非结合 | clone new |
clone 和 new |
| 左 | [ |
array() |
| 非结合 | ++ -- |
递增／递减运算符 |
| 非结合 | ~ - (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) (bool) @ |
类型 |
| 非结合 | instanceof |
类型 |
| 右结合 | ! |
逻辑操作符 |
| 左 | * / % |
算术运算符 |
| 左 | + - . |
算术运算符 和 字符串运算符 |
| 左 | << >> |
位运算符 |
| 非结合 | < <= > >= <> |
比较运算符 |
| 非结合 | == != === !== |
比较运算符 |
| 左 | & |
位运算符 和 引用 |
| 左 | ^ |
位运算符 |
| 左 | | |
位运算符 |
| 左 | && |
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 | || |
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 | ? : |
三元运算符 |
| 右 | = += -= *= /= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>= |
赋值运算符 |
| 左 | and |
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 | xor |
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 | or |
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 | , |
多处用到 |
Python
| 运算符 | 描述 |
|---|---|
lambda |
Lambda 表达式 |
or |
布尔“或” |
and |
布尔“与” |
not x |
布尔“非” |
in，not in |
成员测试 |
is，is not |
同一性测试 |
<，<=，>，>=，!=，== |
比较 |
| |
按位或 |
^ |
按位异或 |
& |
按位与 |
<<，>> |
移位 |
+，- |
加法与减法 |
*，/，% |
乘法、除法与取余 |
+x，-x |
正负号 |
~x |
按位翻转 |
** |
指数 |
x.attribute |
属性参考 |
x[index] |
下标 |
x[index:index] |
寻址段 |
f(arguments...) |
函数调用 |
(experession,...) |
绑定或元组显示 |
[expression,...] |
列表显示 |
{key:datum,...} |
字典显示 |
'expression,...' |
字符串转换 |
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